To summarize:
If you want channel access clients on a machine to be able to see replies to broadcast PV search requests you need to permit inbound UDP packets with source port EPICS_CA_SERVER_PORT (default is 5064). On systems using iptables this can be accomplished by a rule like
-A INPUT -s 192.168.0.0/22 -p udp --sport 5064 -j ACCEPT
If you want channel access servers (e.g. "soft IOCs") on a machine to be able to see clients you need to permit inbound TCP and UDP packets with source port EPICS_CA_SERVER_PORT (default is 5064). On systems using iptables this can be accomplished by rules like
-A INPUT -s 192.168.0.0/22 -p udp --dport 5064 -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -s 192.168.0.0/22 -p tcp --dport 5064 -j ACCEPT
In all cases the "-s 192.168.0.0/22" specifies the range of addresses from which you wish to accept packets.